Task:-

Any independent running program and the set of system resources that it uses. A task may be on operating system process or part of ah application.

Task Switching:-

To switch form one running program to another quickly, either at the direction of the operating system or at the request of the user.

TCP/IP:-

Abbreviation for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A set of communications protocols first developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in the late 1970s. The set of TCP/IP protocols encompasses media access, packet transport/session communications, file transfer, e-mail, and terminal emulation. Its structure is shown in the illustration on the opposite page.

TCP/IP is supported by a large number of hardware and software vendors and is available on many different computers, from PCs to mainframes. Many corporations, universities, and government agencies use TCP/IP, and it is also the basis of the Internet.

Telecommunications:-

A general term for the electronic transmission of all forms of information, including digital data, voice, fax, sound, and video, from one location to another over some form of communications link.

Telecommuting:-

Working at home on a computer connected to the office by modems and telephone lines instead of commuting to the office. Telecommuting saves time, cuts down an automobile use and pollution, and decreases stress. Some local and state governments actively encourage telecommuting to keep the number of commuters as low as possible.

A recent survey showed that more than thirty-three million people in the United States do some form of telecommuting. Compared with ten million in 1985, most studies indicate that home workers are happier and more productive. However, some jobs do not lend themselves to telecommuting; welding and brain surgery would be difficult to do via modem.

Teleconferencing:-

The use of audio, video, or computer systems, linked by a communications channel, to allow widely separated individuals to take part in a discussion or meeting. Desktop video and chalkboard programs are becoming more and more common, and groupware applications such as Lotus Notes are helping people work together.

TELNET:-

A terminal emulation protocol, part of the TCP/IP suite of protocols that provides remote terminal-connection services. The most common terminal emulations are for Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VT-52, VT-100, and VT-220 terminals, although many companies offer additional add-in emulations.

Terminator:-

A device attached to the last peripheral device in a series, or the last node on a network. For example, the last device on a SCSI bus must terminate the bus; otherwise, the bus will not perform properly. A 50-ohm resistor is placed at both ends of an Ethernet cable to prevent signals reflecting and' interfering with the transmission.

TFTP:-

Abbreviation for Trivial File Transfer Protocol. A simplified version of the TCP/IP file transfer protocol that does not include password protection or user-directory capability.

Thick Ethernet:-

Connecting coaxial cable used on an Ethernet network. The cable is 1 centimeter (0.4 inch) thick, almost as thick as your thumb, and can be used to connect network nodes up to a distance of approximately 1006 meters (3300 feet). Thick Ethernet is primarily used for facility-wide installations.

Thin Ethernet:-

Connecting coaxial cable used on an Ethernet network. The cable is 5 millimeters (0.2 inch) thick, about as thick as your little finger, and can be used to connect network nodes up to a distance of approximately 165 meters (500 feet). Thin Ethernet is primarily used for office installations.

Thrashing:-

An excessive amount of disk activity that causes a virtual memory system to spend all its time swapping pages in and out of memory, and no time executing the application.

Thrashing can be caused when poor system configuration creates a swap file that is too small or when insufficient memory is installed in the computer. Increasing the size of the swap file or adding memory is often the best ways to reduce thrashing.

Thread:-

A concurrent process that is part of a larger process or program. In a multitasking operating system, a single program may contain several threads, all running at the same time. For example, one part of a program can be making a calculation while another part is drawing a graph or chart.

Throughput:-

A measure of the data-transfer rate through a complex communications or networking scheme.

Timeout:-

Many procedures require a device to respond or reply to an inquiry within a certain period of time: if the device does not respond, a timeout condition occurs, thus preventing the procedure from hanging up the computer. Timeouts are also used in communications to detect transmission failures. Some timeouts are fixed, such as the amount of time during which an operating system will attempt to access a modem or printer: others can be specified by the user.

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