HISTORY OF A.I.
Much of early work in the field focused on formal tasks such as game playing and theorem proving. The logic theory was an early attempt to prove mathematical theorems. Game playing or theorem proving share the property that people who do them well are considered to be displaying intelligence. Initially computers could perform well at those tasks simply by being fast at exploring a large number of solutions, paths of then selecting the best one. As AI research progressed. It include perception (vision and speech), natural language understanding of problem solving in specialized domains such as medical diagnosis of chemical analysis.
The ability to use language to communicate a wide variety of ideas is perhaps the most important things that separates human from the other animals. In order to understand language sentences about a topic, it is necessary to know not only a lot about the language itself (its vocabulary of grammar) but also a good deal about the topic so that unstated assumptions can be recognized.
An A.I. program represents knowledge in some formal language that is than manipulated by algorithms; honoring the separation of data of program fundamental to the Von Neumann style of computing. Formal logic has emerged as the language of Ai research while graph theory plays an indispensable role in the analysis of problem spaces as well as providing a basis for semantics neural.
|
