AREAS OF AI RESEARCH

a) Expert System:-

An expert system is a computer program designed to act as an expert in a particular area. It is also known as knowledge based system.

b) Natural Language Processing:-

The goal of NLP is to enable people & computers to communicate in a natural language such as English rather than computer language. It has field: Natural Language Understanding:- Which investigates methods of allowing the computers to comprehend construction given in ordinary English so that computer can understand people more easily.

c) Speech Recognition:-

The focus of NLP is to enable computers to communicate interactively with English words & sentences that are typed on paper or displayed screen. The goal of speech recognition research is to allow computers to understand human speech so that they can hear our voice & recognize the words we are speaking.

d) Computer vision:- It's a simple task to attach camera to a computer so that the computer can receive visual images. People generally use vision as their primary means of sensing their environment. The goal of computer vision research is to give computers this powerful facility for understanding their surroundings. It. is mainly used in the area of ROBOTICS.

e) Automatic Programming:- The goal of automatic programming is to create special programs that act as intelligent tools to assist programmers & expedite in various phase of programming process.

f) Game Playing:- Much of the early research in state space search was done using common board games such as checkers and the 16-puzzle. Games can generate extremely large search spaces. These are large and complex enough to require powerful techniques for determining what alternatives to explore in the problem space. These techniques are called heuristics and constitute a major area of AI research.

g) Modelling Human Performance:- AI programs are engineered to solve some useful problem without regard for their similarities to human architecture. Even Expert System while deriving much of their knowledge from human experts do not really attempts to stimulate human internal mental process.

Programs that take non-human approaches to solving problems are often more successful than their human counterparts. Still, the design of systems that explicitly model some aspect of human problem solving has been an area of research in A.I.